Picture a night where the streets are filled with lights, music, and an infectious excitement that captivates both kids and adults alike. It’s the 5th of January, and all of Spain is getting ready to welcome the Three Wise Men. What is it about this tradition that makes it one of the most magical times of the year? In this article, we’ll take you through every detail of this unique celebration that keeps the Christmas spirit alive and showcases one of Spain’s most beloved customs.

The history behind Spain’s Three Wise Men tradition

The story of the Three Wise Men has its roots in the Bible. According to the Gospel of Matthew, three wise men—Melchior, Caspar, and Balthazar—followed the Star of Bethlehem to pay homage to baby Jesus, bringing gifts of gold, frankincense, and myrrh. Over time, this tale evolved into a tradition celebrated across the Christian world, but in Spain, it’s taken on a particularly warm, family-oriented vibe.

The first recorded "Cabalgata de Reyes" (Three Kings parade) in Spain took place in Alcoy, Alicante, in 1885. Since then, it has become a cherished tradition nationwide, with every region adding its own special touch.

The magical night of January 5th: The Three Kings Parade

The evening of January 5th is the highlight of the season for children. The "cabalgatas" or parades mark the arrival of Melchior, Caspar, and Balthazar in towns and cities across Spain. With elaborate floats, live music, and showers of sweets, it’s an unforgettable night.

In major cities like Madrid, Barcelona, and Seville, the parades are spectacular events. Meanwhile, in smaller towns, the charm lies in the intimate interactions between the Wise Men and the local community, especially the children.

Letters, shoes, and presents: The build-up

The excitement starts weeks before, with children writing letters to the Three Wise Men. These letters are full of hopes and promises to behave well in exchange for the presents they’ve been dreaming of. The letters are then placed in special mailboxes or handed directly to the royal helpers.

On the night of January 5th, families place the children’s shoes in a prominent spot—often near the Christmas tree—so the Wise Men know where to leave the gifts. Treats are also left out for the Wise Men and water for their camels.

Three Kings Day: January 6th

On January 6th, children wake up to unwrap their gifts, but the day isn’t just for them. Families gather to share a "roscón de Reyes," a traditional crown-shaped cake filled with cream, truffle, or other delicious fillings. Hidden inside the cake are two surprises: a small figurine of a king and a dried bean. Whoever finds the king gets to wear a paper crown, while the unlucky one who finds the bean has to buy next year’s cake!

Regional variations across Spain

While the core tradition is the same, each region of Spain adds its own flair:

• Catalonia and Valencia: Parades often include traditional characters like giants and "cabezudos" (big-headed figures).
• Andalusia: In places like Cádiz, the Wise Men sometimes arrive by boat.
• Galicia: Parades feature bagpipes and Celtic music, adding a local twist. These regional touches reflect Spain’s rich cultural diversity and how each community embraces the tradition in its own way.

How it’s celebrated around the world

The Three Wise Men aren’t just a Spanish tradition—they’re celebrated in other countries as well:

Latin America

• Mexico: Children leave their shoes by the Christmas tree, eagerly waiting for their presents. Families also enjoy a "rosca de Reyes," similar to Spain’s "roscón," with surprises hidden inside.
• Puerto Rico: On the night of January 5th, kids gather grass to feed the camels of the Wise Men—a charming gesture that’s part of lively celebrations and parades.
• Venezuela and the Dominican Republic: The day is marked by gift-giving, family gatherings, and lots of joy.

Europe

• Italy: While Befana, a kind-hearted witch, is the star of the Epiphany, the Wise Men also play a role in some regions, such as Sicily.
• France: The French celebrate with the "galette des rois," a cake similar to Spain’s "roscón." The person who finds the hidden figurine becomes "king" for the day.
• Poland: Known as "Święto Trzech Króli" (Feast of the Three Kings), this day features parades and special church services, drawing large crowds in some cities.
• Germany: In Catholic areas, children dressed as the Wise Men go door-to-door singing and collecting donations in a tradition called "Sternsinger" (star singers).

The Philippines

In the Philippines, the Feast of the Three Kings marks the official end of the Christmas season, a legacy of Spanish colonial influence.

The magic of the Three Wise Men in Spanish culture

Beyond the presents and parades, the Three Wise Men embody values like generosity, hope, and wonder. This tradition brings families together, making the start of the year a special time to share.

For visitors in Spain during this season, experiencing the Three Kings celebration is a unique chance to immerse themselves in the local culture and understand why this festivity is so deeply cherished.

The celebration isn’t just about honouring an ancient tale; it’s about keeping alive the customs and values that define Spanish identity.

If you ever get the chance to experience Three Kings Day in Spain, Mexico, or France, don’t miss it. It’s a magical experience that shows how traditions can cross borders and unite millions of hearts.

If you’ve got any questions or need help, feel free to contact our team. We’re always happy to help!